/**
 * Module dependencies.
 */

var Emitter = require('emitter');
var reduce = require('reduce');

/**
 * Root reference for iframes.
 */

var root;
if (typeof window !== 'undefined') { // Browser window
  root = window;
} else if (typeof self !== 'undefined') { // Web Worker
  root = self;
} else { // Other environments
  root = this;
}

/**
 * Noop.
 */

function noop(){};

/**
 * Check if `obj` is a host object,
 * we don't want to serialize these :)
 *
 * TODO: future proof, move to compoent land
 *
 * @param {Object} obj
 * @return {Boolean}
 * @api private
 */

function isHost(obj) {
  var str = {}.toString.call(obj);

  switch (str) {
    case '[object File]':
    case '[object Blob]':
    case '[object FormData]':
      return true;
    default:
      return false;
  }
}

/**
 * Determine XHR.
 */

request.getXHR = function () {
  if (root.XMLHttpRequest
      && (!root.location || 'file:' != root.location.protocol
          || !root.ActiveXObject)) {
    return new XMLHttpRequest;
  } else {
    try { return new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP'); } catch(e) {}
    try { return new ActiveXObject('Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0'); } catch(e) {}
    try { return new ActiveXObject('Msxml2.XMLHTTP.3.0'); } catch(e) {}
    try { return new ActiveXObject('Msxml2.XMLHTTP'); } catch(e) {}
  }
  return false;
};

/**
 * Removes leading and trailing whitespace, added to support IE.
 *
 * @param {String} s
 * @return {String}
 * @api private
 */

var trim = ''.trim
  ? function(s) { return s.trim(); }
  : function(s) { return s.replace(/(^\s*|\s*$)/g, ''); };

/**
 * Check if `obj` is an object.
 *
 * @param {Object} obj
 * @return {Boolean}
 * @api private
 */

function isObject(obj) {
  return obj === Object(obj);
}

/**
 * Serialize the given `obj`.
 *
 * @param {Object} obj
 * @return {String}
 * @api private
 */

function serialize(obj) {
  if (!isObject(obj)) return obj;
  var pairs = [];
  for (var key in obj) {
    if (null != obj[key]) {
      pairs.push(encodeURIComponent(key)
        + '=' + encodeURIComponent(obj[key]));
    }
  }
  return pairs.join('&');
}

/**
 * Expose serialization method.
 */

 request.serializeObject = serialize;

 /**
  * Parse the given x-www-form-urlencoded `str`.
  *
  * @param {String} str
  * @return {Object}
  * @api private
  */

function parseString(str) {
  var obj = {};
  var pairs = str.split('&');
  var parts;
  var pair;

  for (var i = 0, len = pairs.length; i < len; ++i) {
    pair = pairs[i];
    parts = pair.split('=');
    obj[decodeURIComponent(parts[0])] = decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
  }

  return obj;
}

/**
 * Expose parser.
 */

request.parseString = parseString;

/**
 * Default MIME type map.
 *
 *     superagent.types.xml = 'application/xml';
 *
 */

request.types = {
  html: 'text/html',
  json: 'application/json',
  xml: 'application/xml',
  urlencoded: 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
  'form': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
  'form-data': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
};

/**
 * Default serialization map.
 *
 *     superagent.serialize['application/xml'] = function(obj){
 *       return 'generated xml here';
 *     };
 *
 */

 request.serialize = {
   'application/x-www-form-urlencoded': serialize,
   'application/json': JSON.stringify
 };

 /**
  * Default parsers.
  *
  *     superagent.parse['application/xml'] = function(str){
  *       return { object parsed from str };
  *     };
  *
  */

request.parse = {
  'application/x-www-form-urlencoded': parseString,
  'application/json': JSON.parse
};

/**
 * Parse the given header `str` into
 * an object containing the mapped fields.
 *
 * @param {String} str
 * @return {Object}
 * @api private
 */

function parseHeader(str) {
  var lines = str.split(/\r?\n/);
  var fields = {};
  var index;
  var line;
  var field;
  var val;

  lines.pop(); // trailing CRLF

  for (var i = 0, len = lines.length; i < len; ++i) {
    line = lines[i];
    index = line.indexOf(':');
    field = line.slice(0, index).toLowerCase();
    val = trim(line.slice(index + 1));
    fields[field] = val;
  }

  return fields;
}

/**
 * Return the mime type for the given `str`.
 *
 * @param {String} str
 * @return {String}
 * @api private
 */

function type(str){
  return str.split(/ *; */).shift();
};

/**
 * Return header field parameters.
 *
 * @param {String} str
 * @return {Object}
 * @api private
 */

function params(str){
  return reduce(str.split(/ *; */), function(obj, str){
    var parts = str.split(/ *= */)
      , key = parts.shift()
      , val = parts.shift();

    if (key && val) obj[key] = val;
    return obj;
  }, {});
};

/**
 * Initialize a new `Response` with the given `xhr`.
 *
 *  - set flags (.ok, .error, etc)
 *  - parse header
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 *  Aliasing `superagent` as `request` is nice:
 *
 *      request = superagent;
 *
 *  We can use the promise-like API, or pass callbacks:
 *
 *      request.get('/').end(function(res){});
 *      request.get('/', function(res){});
 *
 *  Sending data can be chained:
 *
 *      request
 *        .post('/user')
 *        .send({ name: 'tj' })
 *        .end(function(res){});
 *
 *  Or passed to `.send()`:
 *
 *      request
 *        .post('/user')
 *        .send({ name: 'tj' }, function(res){});
 *
 *  Or passed to `.post()`:
 *
 *      request
 *        .post('/user', { name: 'tj' })
 *        .end(function(res){});
 *
 * Or further reduced to a single call for simple cases:
 *
 *      request
 *        .post('/user', { name: 'tj' }, function(res){});
 *
 * @param {XMLHTTPRequest} xhr
 * @param {Object} options
 * @api private
 */

function Response(req, options) {
  options = options || {};
  this.req = req;
  this.xhr = this.req.xhr;
  // responseText is accessible only if responseType is '' or 'text' and on older browsers
  this.text = ((this.req.method !='HEAD' && (this.xhr.responseType === '' || this.xhr.responseType === 'text')) || typeof this.xhr.responseType === 'undefined')
     ? this.xhr.responseText
     : null;
  this.statusText = this.req.xhr.statusText;
  this.setStatusProperties(this.xhr.status);
  this.header = this.headers = parseHeader(this.xhr.getAllResponseHeaders());
  // getAllResponseHeaders sometimes falsely returns "" for CORS requests, but
  // getResponseHeader still works. so we get content-type even if getting
  // other headers fails.
  this.header['content-type'] = this.xhr.getResponseHeader('content-type');
  this.setHeaderProperties(this.header);
  this.body = this.req.method != 'HEAD'
    ? this.parseBody(this.text ? this.text : this.xhr.response)
    : null;
}

/**
 * Get case-insensitive `field` value.
 *
 * @param {String} field
 * @return {String}
 * @api public
 */

Response.prototype.get = function(field){
  return this.header[field.toLowerCase()];
};

/**
 * Set header related properties:
 *
 *   - `.type` the content type without params
 *
 * A response of "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8"
 * will provide you with a `.type` of "text/plain".
 *
 * @param {Object} header
 * @api private
 */

Response.prototype.setHeaderProperties = function(header){
  // content-type
  var ct = this.header['content-type'] || '';
  this.type = type(ct);

  // params
  var obj = params(ct);
  for (var key in obj) this[key] = obj[key];
};

/**
 * Force given parser
 * 
 * Sets the body parser no matter type.
 * 
 * @param {Function}
 * @api public
 */

Response.prototype.parse = function(fn){
  this.parser = fn;
  return this;
};

/**
 * Parse the given body `str`.
 *
 * Used for auto-parsing of bodies. Parsers
 * are defined on the `superagent.parse` object.
 *
 * @param {String} str
 * @return {Mixed}
 * @api private
 */

Response.prototype.parseBody = function(str){
  var parse = this.parser || request.parse[this.type];
  return parse && str && (str.length || str instanceof Object)
    ? parse(str)
    : null;
};

/**
 * Set flags such as `.ok` based on `status`.
 *
 * For example a 2xx response will give you a `.ok` of __true__
 * whereas 5xx will be __false__ and `.error` will be __true__. The
 * `.clientError` and `.serverError` are also available to be more
 * specific, and `.statusType` is the class of error ranging from 1..5
 * sometimes useful for mapping respond colors etc.
 *
 * "sugar" properties are also defined for common cases. Currently providing:
 *
 *   - .noContent
 *   - .badRequest
 *   - .unauthorized
 *   - .notAcceptable
 *   - .notFound
 *
 * @param {Number} status
 * @api private
 */

Response.prototype.setStatusProperties = function(status){
  // handle IE9 bug: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10046972/msie-returns-status-code-of-1223-for-ajax-request
  if (status === 1223) {
    status = 204;
  }

  var type = status / 100 | 0;

  // status / class
  this.status = this.statusCode = status;
  this.statusType = type;

  // basics
  this.info = 1 == type;
  this.ok = 2 == type;
  this.clientError = 4 == type;
  this.serverError = 5 == type;
  this.error = (4 == type || 5 == type)
    ? this.toError()
    : false;

  // sugar
  this.accepted = 202 == status;
  this.noContent = 204 == status;
  this.badRequest = 400 == status;
  this.unauthorized = 401 == status;
  this.notAcceptable = 406 == status;
  this.notFound = 404 == status;
  this.forbidden = 403 == status;
};

/**
 * Return an `Error` representative of this response.
 *
 * @return {Error}
 * @api public
 */

Response.prototype.toError = function(){
  var req = this.req;
  var method = req.method;
  var url = req.url;

  var msg = 'cannot ' + method + ' ' + url + ' (' + this.status + ')';
  var err = new Error(msg);
  err.status = this.status;
  err.method = method;
  err.url = url;

  return err;
};

/**
 * Expose `Response`.
 */

request.Response = Response;

/**
 * Initialize a new `Request` with the given `method` and `url`.
 *
 * @param {String} method
 * @param {String} url
 * @api public
 */

function Request(method, url) {
  var self = this;
  Emitter.call(this);
  this._query = this._query || [];
  this.method = method;
  this.url = url;
  this.header = {};
  this._header = {};
  this.on('end', function(){
    var err = null;
    var res = null;

    try {
      res = new Response(self);
    } catch(e) {
      err = new Error('Parser is unable to parse the response');
      err.parse = true;
      err.original = e;
      return self.callback(err);
    }

    self.emit('response', res);

    if (err) {
      return self.callback(err, res);
    }

    if (res.status >= 200 && res.status < 300) {
      return self.callback(err, res);
    }

    var new_err = new Error(res.statusText || 'Unsuccessful HTTP response');
    new_err.original = err;
    new_err.response = res;
    new_err.status = res.status;

    self.callback(new_err, res);
  });
}

/**
 * Mixin `Emitter`.
 */

Emitter(Request.prototype);

/**
 * Allow for extension
 */

Request.prototype.use = function(fn) {
  fn(this);
  return this;
}

/**
 * Set timeout to `ms`.
 *
 * @param {Number} ms
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.timeout = function(ms){
  this._timeout = ms;
  return this;
};

/**
 * Clear previous timeout.
 *
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.clearTimeout = function(){
  this._timeout = 0;
  clearTimeout(this._timer);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Abort the request, and clear potential timeout.
 *
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.abort = function(){
  if (this.aborted) return;
  this.aborted = true;
  this.xhr.abort();
  this.clearTimeout();
  this.emit('abort');
  return this;
};

/**
 * Set header `field` to `val`, or multiple fields with one object.
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 *      req.get('/')
 *        .set('Accept', 'application/json')
 *        .set('X-API-Key', 'foobar')
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 *      req.get('/')
 *        .set({ Accept: 'application/json', 'X-API-Key': 'foobar' })
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 * @param {String|Object} field
 * @param {String} val
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.set = function(field, val){
  if (isObject(field)) {
    for (var key in field) {
      this.set(key, field[key]);
    }
    return this;
  }
  this._header[field.toLowerCase()] = val;
  this.header[field] = val;
  return this;
};

/**
 * Remove header `field`.
 *
 * Example:
 *
 *      req.get('/')
 *        .unset('User-Agent')
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 * @param {String} field
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.unset = function(field){
  delete this._header[field.toLowerCase()];
  delete this.header[field];
  return this;
};

/**
 * Get case-insensitive header `field` value.
 *
 * @param {String} field
 * @return {String}
 * @api private
 */

Request.prototype.getHeader = function(field){
  return this._header[field.toLowerCase()];
};

/**
 * Set Content-Type to `type`, mapping values from `request.types`.
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 *      superagent.types.xml = 'application/xml';
 *
 *      request.post('/')
 *        .type('xml')
 *        .send(xmlstring)
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 *      request.post('/')
 *        .type('application/xml')
 *        .send(xmlstring)
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 * @param {String} type
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.type = function(type){
  this.set('Content-Type', request.types[type] || type);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Set Accept to `type`, mapping values from `request.types`.
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 *      superagent.types.json = 'application/json';
 *
 *      request.get('/agent')
 *        .accept('json')
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 *      request.get('/agent')
 *        .accept('application/json')
 *        .end(callback);
 *
 * @param {String} accept
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.accept = function(type){
  this.set('Accept', request.types[type] || type);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Set Authorization field value with `user` and `pass`.
 *
 * @param {String} user
 * @param {String} pass
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.auth = function(user, pass){
  var str = btoa(user + ':' + pass);
  this.set('Authorization', 'Basic ' + str);
  return this;
};

/**
* Add query-string `val`.
*
* Examples:
*
*   request.get('/shoes')
*     .query('size=10')
*     .query({ color: 'blue' })
*
* @param {Object|String} val
* @return {Request} for chaining
* @api public
*/

Request.prototype.query = function(val){
  if ('string' != typeof val) val = serialize(val);
  if (val) this._query.push(val);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Write the field `name` and `val` for "multipart/form-data"
 * request bodies.
 *
 * ``` js
 * request.post('/upload')
 *   .field('foo', 'bar')
 *   .end(callback);
 * ```
 *
 * @param {String} name
 * @param {String|Blob|File} val
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.field = function(name, val){
  if (!this._formData) this._formData = new root.FormData();
  this._formData.append(name, val);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Queue the given `file` as an attachment to the specified `field`,
 * with optional `filename`.
 *
 * ``` js
 * request.post('/upload')
 *   .attach(new Blob(['<a id="a"><b id="b">hey!</b></a>'], { type: "text/html"}))
 *   .end(callback);
 * ```
 *
 * @param {String} field
 * @param {Blob|File} file
 * @param {String} filename
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.attach = function(field, file, filename){
  if (!this._formData) this._formData = new root.FormData();
  this._formData.append(field, file, filename);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Send `data`, defaulting the `.type()` to "json" when
 * an object is given.
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 *       // querystring
 *       request.get('/search')
 *         .end(callback)
 *
 *       // multiple data "writes"
 *       request.get('/search')
 *         .send({ search: 'query' })
 *         .send({ range: '1..5' })
 *         .send({ order: 'desc' })
 *         .end(callback)
 *
 *       // manual json
 *       request.post('/user')
 *         .type('json')
 *         .send('{"name":"tj"})
 *         .end(callback)
 *
 *       // auto json
 *       request.post('/user')
 *         .send({ name: 'tj' })
 *         .end(callback)
 *
 *       // manual x-www-form-urlencoded
 *       request.post('/user')
 *         .type('form')
 *         .send('name=tj')
 *         .end(callback)
 *
 *       // auto x-www-form-urlencoded
 *       request.post('/user')
 *         .type('form')
 *         .send({ name: 'tj' })
 *         .end(callback)
 *
 *       // defaults to x-www-form-urlencoded
  *      request.post('/user')
  *        .send('name=tobi')
  *        .send('species=ferret')
  *        .end(callback)
 *
 * @param {String|Object} data
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.send = function(data){
  var obj = isObject(data);
  var type = this.getHeader('Content-Type');

  // merge
  if (obj && isObject(this._data)) {
    for (var key in data) {
      this._data[key] = data[key];
    }
  } else if ('string' == typeof data) {
    if (!type) this.type('form');
    type = this.getHeader('Content-Type');
    if ('application/x-www-form-urlencoded' == type) {
      this._data = this._data
        ? this._data + '&' + data
        : data;
    } else {
      this._data = (this._data || '') + data;
    }
  } else {
    this._data = data;
  }

  if (!obj || isHost(data)) return this;
  if (!type) this.type('json');
  return this;
};

/**
 * Invoke the callback with `err` and `res`
 * and handle arity check.
 *
 * @param {Error} err
 * @param {Response} res
 * @api private
 */

Request.prototype.callback = function(err, res){
  var fn = this._callback;
  this.clearTimeout();
  fn(err, res);
};

/**
 * Invoke callback with x-domain error.
 *
 * @api private
 */

Request.prototype.crossDomainError = function(){
  var err = new Error('Origin is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Origin');
  err.crossDomain = true;
  this.callback(err);
};

/**
 * Invoke callback with timeout error.
 *
 * @api private
 */

Request.prototype.timeoutError = function(){
  var timeout = this._timeout;
  var err = new Error('timeout of ' + timeout + 'ms exceeded');
  err.timeout = timeout;
  this.callback(err);
};

/**
 * Enable transmission of cookies with x-domain requests.
 *
 * Note that for this to work the origin must not be
 * using "Access-Control-Allow-Origin" with a wildcard,
 * and also must set "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"
 * to "true".
 *
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.withCredentials = function(){
  this._withCredentials = true;
  return this;
};

/**
 * Initiate request, invoking callback `fn(res)`
 * with an instanceof `Response`.
 *
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request} for chaining
 * @api public
 */

Request.prototype.end = function(fn){
  var self = this;
  var xhr = this.xhr = request.getXHR();
  var query = this._query.join('&');
  var timeout = this._timeout;
  var data = this._formData || this._data;

  // store callback
  this._callback = fn || noop;

  // state change
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
    if (4 != xhr.readyState) return;

    // In IE9, reads to any property (e.g. status) off of an aborted XHR will
    // result in the error "Could not complete the operation due to error c00c023f"
    var status;
    try { status = xhr.status } catch(e) { status = 0; }

    if (0 == status) {
      if (self.timedout) return self.timeoutError();
      if (self.aborted) return;
      return self.crossDomainError();
    }
    self.emit('end');
  };

  // progress
  var handleProgress = function(e){
    if (e.total > 0) {
      e.percent = e.loaded / e.total * 100;
    }
    self.emit('progress', e);
  };
  if (this.hasListeners('progress')) {
    xhr.onprogress = handleProgress;
  }
  try {
    if (xhr.upload && this.hasListeners('progress')) {
      xhr.upload.onprogress = handleProgress;
    }
  } catch(e) {
    // Accessing xhr.upload fails in IE from a web worker, so just pretend it doesn't exist.
    // Reported here:
    // https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedback/details/837245/xmlhttprequest-upload-throws-invalid-argument-when-used-from-web-worker-context
  }

  // timeout
  if (timeout && !this._timer) {
    this._timer = setTimeout(function(){
      self.timedout = true;
      self.abort();
    }, timeout);
  }

  // querystring
  if (query) {
    query = request.serializeObject(query);
    this.url += ~this.url.indexOf('?')
      ? '&' + query
      : '?' + query;
  }

  // initiate request
  xhr.open(this.method, this.url, true);

  // CORS
  if (this._withCredentials) xhr.withCredentials = true;

  // body
  if ('GET' != this.method && 'HEAD' != this.method && 'string' != typeof data && !isHost(data)) {
    // serialize stuff
    var contentType = this.getHeader('Content-Type');
    var serialize = request.serialize[contentType ? contentType.split(';')[0] : ''];
    if (serialize) data = serialize(data);
  }

  // set header fields
  for (var field in this.header) {
    if (null == this.header[field]) continue;
    xhr.setRequestHeader(field, this.header[field]);
  }

  // send stuff
  this.emit('request', this);
  xhr.send(data);
  return this;
};

/**
 * Faux promise support
 *
 * @param {Function} fulfill
 * @param {Function} reject
 * @return {Request}
 */

Request.prototype.then = function (fulfill, reject) {
  return this.end(function(err, res) {
    err ? reject(err) : fulfill(res);
  });
}

/**
 * Expose `Request`.
 */

request.Request = Request;

/**
 * Issue a request:
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 *    request('GET', '/users').end(callback)
 *    request('/users').end(callback)
 *    request('/users', callback)
 *
 * @param {String} method
 * @param {String|Function} url or callback
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

function request(method, url) {
  // callback
  if ('function' == typeof url) {
    return new Request('GET', method).end(url);
  }

  // url first
  if (1 == arguments.length) {
    return new Request('GET', method);
  }

  return new Request(method, url);
}

/**
 * GET `url` with optional callback `fn(res)`.
 *
 * @param {String} url
 * @param {Mixed|Function} data or fn
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

request.get = function(url, data, fn){
  var req = request('GET', url);
  if ('function' == typeof data) fn = data, data = null;
  if (data) req.query(data);
  if (fn) req.end(fn);
  return req;
};

/**
 * HEAD `url` with optional callback `fn(res)`.
 *
 * @param {String} url
 * @param {Mixed|Function} data or fn
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

request.head = function(url, data, fn){
  var req = request('HEAD', url);
  if ('function' == typeof data) fn = data, data = null;
  if (data) req.send(data);
  if (fn) req.end(fn);
  return req;
};

/**
 * DELETE `url` with optional callback `fn(res)`.
 *
 * @param {String} url
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

request.del = function(url, fn){
  var req = request('DELETE', url);
  if (fn) req.end(fn);
  return req;
};

/**
 * PATCH `url` with optional `data` and callback `fn(res)`.
 *
 * @param {String} url
 * @param {Mixed} data
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

request.patch = function(url, data, fn){
  var req = request('PATCH', url);
  if ('function' == typeof data) fn = data, data = null;
  if (data) req.send(data);
  if (fn) req.end(fn);
  return req;
};

/**
 * POST `url` with optional `data` and callback `fn(res)`.
 *
 * @param {String} url
 * @param {Mixed} data
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

request.post = function(url, data, fn){
  var req = request('POST', url);
  if ('function' == typeof data) fn = data, data = null;
  if (data) req.send(data);
  if (fn) req.end(fn);
  return req;
};

/**
 * PUT `url` with optional `data` and callback `fn(res)`.
 *
 * @param {String} url
 * @param {Mixed|Function} data or fn
 * @param {Function} fn
 * @return {Request}
 * @api public
 */

request.put = function(url, data, fn){
  var req = request('PUT', url);
  if ('function' == typeof data) fn = data, data = null;
  if (data) req.send(data);
  if (fn) req.end(fn);
  return req;
};

/**
 * Expose `request`.
 */

module.exports = request;
